Watson+AE+Group+4

Max, Tiffany, Arianna, Abi

__A History of U.S. Immigration during 1930-1965__ -edited by Max __Overview of U.S. Immigration during 1930-1965__ Most historians split the Great Migration in to two parts. The first great migration happened between the years of 1910-1940. The second

[[image:1930graph.jpg align="right" link="http://websupport1.citytech.cuny.edu/Faculty/pcatapano/lectures_us2/immigrantsF06.html"]]
great migration happened from 1940-1970. Approximately 1.6 million people migrated in the first and approximately 5 million in the second migration. African Americans was the main people involved in the great migration. They moved out of the South to the North so they could get a better education along with a better life and to escape the harsh racism.

The Dust Bowl was the migration of farmers from the east and the Midwest to California. This happened after the Seven-year drought that started in 1931 lead to a dust storm the following year that passed through the region.(Fanslow) The storm left the soil non fertile and farmers were no longer able to farm on thier land. Thousands of people moved to California. During the 1930 there was a depression so this meant that a lot of people didn’t have a lot of money. When the people heard about the jobs that California had to offer they didn’t have the money to buy a train ticket. Many were forced to hop on freight trains illegally, however when they arrived California was not as great as had been promised. More than two million men and around 8,000 women became homeless. (Ganzel). The U.S. let more people come from the countries of Great Britain, Germany, and Ireland because they felt that they would get along better with Americans due to their similar cultures. Asians were not allowed to come to the U.S. because they were considered dangerous to Americans. In 1943, America passed a law allowing 105 Chinese immigrants yearly into the U.S. because China and U.S. were allies during World War II. During World War II not that many immigrants came to America because of the war, the law from 1943, and the Great Dispersion. After the War the families of the people who fought in WWII were allowed to immigrate. Another group of people that were allowed in the U.S. were political refuges who were escaping from the Nazis and Communists of Europe. (Immigration paper) -written by Abi

__Causes of Migration during 1930-1965__ During 1930 through 1965 many different groups had migrated to the United States for different reasons, such as the Germans, Canadians, Mexicans, Italians, British, Caribbean's/West Indies and the survivors of the Holocaust (ellis island). The people from all of these different countries who migrated wanted to come to the United States for opportunities in life, they thought it was a smart choice and they just wanted a better life than what they never had in their homelands. As the population grew over the years there were 500,000 immigrants arriving to the United States in the 1930's. One million immigrated in the 1940's and 2.5 million in the 1950's (immigration paper).

For example, in the 1940's 4 million Mexicans farmers had come to work in the fields picking crops. The Bracero Program had been useful for many Mexicans because it would let them come to the United States and work when the soldiers were off in Europe at war. This program has been for Mexican immigrants who help with the development of the rich American agricultural industry. Around August 4,1942, the U.S and Mexican government brought together the Bracero Program and thousands of Mexicans had abandoned their homelands and headed north to the border and work(The Bracero Program). -written by Arianna

__Experiences and Effects of Migration during 1930-1965__ From 1930-1965 the U.S. became flooded with immigrants fleeing their homes due to political and social unrest. People in Germany seeking refuge from Hitler’s anti-Semitic policies flooded the U.S. as World War II continued. America once again saw a large group of immigrants when revolutionaries took control of Havana, causing many to flee from Cuba to the U.S. Even the Cold War brought new refugees to the country. During the Cold War the U.S. began allowing Hungarians fleeing from Soviet forces to come stay in the U.S. This period also saw multiple bills that effected immigration status. In 1948 Congress passed the Displaced Person’s Act which allowed thousands to enter the U.S. Later on in 1954 the War Brides Act was passed which gave the wives of U.S. citizens the right to immigrate to the U.S. The act was later extended to include U.S. citizen’s fiancee's. After the Korean War congress, in 1950, passed the International Security Act, which banned all communists admission into the country.(ellisisland.org) The German, Italian, Hungarian, Japanese, Cuban, and Chinese immigrants had a rough time when they first came to the United States because most immigrants did not know English and got taken advantage of. Some immigrants had family or friends in the United States that had immigrated before them but not all were this fortunate. The immigrants that had family or friends already in the United States had a "network" of people like them to fall back on for shelter, food, and financial help. The immigrants had to deal with fraud, abuse, and even murder. A few more of the challenges immigrants faced consisted of getting overcharged for food, getting mislead to their destination, thievery, and getting overcharged to exchange foreign money for American money. In the beginning, it was difficult for the immigrants to adjust to life here because it was hard for them to overcome these obstacles and earn respect in a new country. Most of the immigrants got jobs that involved hard physical labor because they were the easiest jobs for immigrants to get ahold of since no one else wanted to do labor like this and because Americans considered the immigrants a "threat" to their higher paying jobs. (American Immigration Volume 2) These groups of people became "Americans" by learning the language and by working hard to live a better life here than they had in their original country. Most of the German, Japanese, Italian, Hungarian, Cuban, and Chinese immigrants came to the United States legally unless they were sold false papers from a crook that wanted to take advantage of them. These groups retained a connection with their former place of birth by cooking their culture's foods and bringing their religious beliefs with them to the United States. These groups brought Catholic and Jewish practices with them and they maintained these practices in the United States.(Immigration Introduction) These groups have assimilated to American culture by raising their children here and by learning how to be successful in the United States.

-written by Max and Tiffany

__Work Cited__

Anderson, Dorothy, Barbara J. DiMauro, and Kathleen White, eds. American Immigration. Vol. 2. Danbury, CT : Grolier Educational, 1998. 20-32

Anderson, Dorothy, Barbara J. DiMauro, and Kathleen White American Immigration. Vol. 4. Danbury, CT : Grolier Educational, 1999. 14-20.

Chinatown SF. US History After 1865. 14 Nov. 2008 .

Fanslow, Robin A. "The Migrant Experince." 06 Apr. 1998. 11 Nov. 2008 .

Ganzel, Bill. "Farming in th e 1930's." 2003. 11 Nov. 2008 .]]

"Great Migration (African American)." __Great Migration__. 07 Nov. 2008. 06 Nov. 2008 <[|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/great_migration_(african_american])>.

"Immigration...Introduction." Immigration...Introduction. Library of Congress. 6 Nov. 2008 .

Marentes, Carlos, and Cynthia P. Marentes. "The Bracero Program." Dec. 1999. 11 Nov. 2008 .

Quota Laws. US History After 1865. 14 Nov. 2008 .

"The Peopling Of America." 2000-2008. 11 Nov. 2008 .

Unknown. 14 Nov. 2008 .

Unknown. 14 Nov. 2008 .