Watson+BG+Group+3

=**Immigration in the United States (1880-1930)**=

**Overview of Migration during this time Period (1880-1930)**[[image:-1.jpg width="274" height="236" align="right" caption="Ellis Island"]]
From 1880 to 1930 21 million people immigrated to the US. 20 million of them passed through Ellis Island.People immigrated from Italy, Russia, Germany, Great Britain, Canada, Ireland, and Sweden. Nine percent of the total population of Norway immigrated ([|Ellis Island]). After 1892 nearly all of the immigrants had to come through Ellis Island. The US was open to everyone. However after the Chinese Exclusion act and the 1907 Gentleman's Agreement with Japan, restrictions were put on immigration from Asia. Chinese communities were mostly men because they couldn't bring over their wives and children. When WWI started peoples attitudes towards immigrants changed. Many people were suspicious of foreigners. Sometimes the immigrants loyalties were put in question by others. In the early 20s laws were passed to limit the flow of immigration into the country. By: Adam Kahn

**Causes of Immigration (1880-1930)**
People who traveled during this time Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, Poles, Jews from Eastern Europe, Italians, Austrians, Czechs, Hungarians, and Slovaks. Over a 12 million and a half people all together entered the U.S. during this time. These people were pulled to this country because of the industrial advancement and all of the jobs. Other reasons why people left their home lands were because of poverty, shortage of farmland, political repression, cholera epidemics, religious persecution, and over population.In the 1880s to the 1930s there was a large immigration that was called “THE THIRD WAVE” almost 23 and a half million immigrants came into the U.S. from almost every part of the world.(__[|Ellis Island]__ )People migrate over to the U.S. because of the American dream. That people also migrated because of famine, over ruling governments, or just to start a new life. That Europe had the most immigrants.(<[|History of Women in Industry] >.) There were about 4,600,000 Italians that Immigrate to the U.S. Also There were about 3,000,000 Russians that came to the U.S. There are about 2,300,000 British people in the U.S.In a first hand account a Immigrants describes the people coming into the U.S. very crowded because of the number of people coming to Ellis Island.That this is what caused people to migrate over to the U.S.   By: Jason Chooey and Awet Zeray

**Migration Experiences and Effects**
By: Zulema Cruz and Nikki Gonzalez

**Immigration to America**[[image:-3.jpg width="271" height="180" align="right" caption="Ships to Ellis Island"]]
Immigration to America was at its height from 1880 to 1940 people from all over the world were pouring in trying to reach the freedom that it offered. America had jobs, religious freedom and played up to be the "Land of Opportunity"(Golden Country). In the 19th Century Steam power was very popular in America and contributed to the in pour of immigrants from other countries. Steam made the Journey to America faster (Age of Steam). Although, it was very dangerous crossing the Atlantic. There were fires, shipwrecks and the big chance of catching disease on the way over. From 1834-1852 about 3,330 emigrants died on their journey to America from shipwrecks and fires alone, about another 14,450 died from diseases such as cholera and typhus (Journey to America). Making it through Ellis Island was no small feat. Once in Ellis Island you were forced to take a series of tests both to test your physicality and health state and a mental health state to decided whether they were were not mentally challenged. After these series of tests if they were approved then they would wait for a train ticket to Manhattan, if they were not then they would be sent back on the ship they came on all the way back the long journey to their homeland (Peopling of America). Meanwhile in 1882 Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act. This Act made Chinese laborers in the U.S permanent aliens by not granting them citizenship. Any Chinese men who were ever hoping to reunite with their family and loved ones now had no hope (Immigration...). the men without wives or families soon formed communities known as "bachelor societies". But Later in 1907 the U.S came up with the Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907, and informal agreement with Japan and the United States stating that the U.S would not force restrictions on japanese immigrants and Japan would not let any further immigrants emigrate to the U.S.

[[image:040324_dust_bowl_04.jpg width="280" height="190" align="right" caption="Dust Bowl Storm"]]
In 1930 America underwent one of the largest migrations of of all time in America. From 1930 to about 1940 America's Great Planes were the victims of major ecological and agricultural damage called the Dust Bowl causing hundreds of thousands of people to leave their farms and move westward (wikipedia). Dirt would rain down out of the sky and whole cars or farming machinery would be covered (humanities) People would just pick up and leave just take what the needed and head out of town. Not only this but its also when the Great Depression started so things were hard and with everyone moving from the Great Planes westward there was a low economy due to the stock market crash of 1929 and very limited job opportunities. SO when these migrants arrived at their destination there wasn't much to be excited for.

Becoming American
During the 1880 to the 1930's people started ti immigrate into the United States. In 1880 people started to immigrate in to the U.S. Most of the families immigrated either with their families or saved their wages and go back to their country or state. Asians immigrated to the U.S. Asian immigrant in 1882 congress passed the chinese Exclusion Act, restricting immigration from china(Ellis Island). In 1907 Gentlemen's agreement with Japan extended the government hostility towards Asian workers and families. In the years of 1881 to 1885 about 5 million Germans immigrated to the U.S., Most of the people went to work in Califorina. During 1880 to 1930 over 27 million people entered the U.S. and 20 million through Ellis Island. They were looking for opportunities but New York provided them. But in World War I in 1914 things changed, Nationalism and suspicion of foreigners were on rise.(Ellis Island). But through the 1920's laws were passed limiting the entrance of immigrants.

**Bibliography**
Danzer, Gerald A., J. Jorge Klor de Alva, Louis E. Wilson, Larry S. Krieger, and Nancy Woloch. __The Americans__. Boston: McDougal Littell.

"Americas Age of Steam." Americas Age of Steam. 23 Dec. 2007. US Gen Net. 13 Nov. 2008 .

"The Dust Bowl Introduction." Humanites Interactive. Humanities Interactice Organization. 13 Nov. 2008 .

__History of women in Industery__. <[|http://www.nwhm.org/exhibits/industry/6.htm]>.

"Immigration... Chinese." Immigration... Learning Page Project Institue. 13 Nov. 2008 .

"Journey to America." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational. 13 Nov. 2008 .

"Mass Exodus from the Plains." PBS. PBS. 13 Nov. 2008 .

"Peopling of America." Ellis Island. 2007-2008. Elli Island Foundation Inc. 6 Nov. 2008 .

"Reasons for Immigrating in..." Island-Memories. 12 Nov. 2008 .

"Westward Expansion." American West. 2008. American West. 13 Nov. 2008 .

Picture Bibliography
Immigrant boat: [|http://www.old-picture.com/ american-history-1900-1930s/ pictures/Immigrants-Arriving- Ellis-Island.jpg] Ellis island : [|http://images.google.com/ imgres?imgurl=http:// mysteriesofhistory.net/ellis- island-north.jpg&imgrefurl= http://mysteriesofhistory.net/ netquestresources.html&usg=__ Zcn4CcGp2n_1OiR6BIQeX1e6s2E=& h=529&w=698&sz=101&hl=en& start=2&um=1&tbnid= mC6JiwV03yLK8M:&tbnh=105&tbnw= 139&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dellis% 2Bisland%26gbv%3D2%26um%3D1% 26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG] [|http://bp3.blogger.com/_a_ 5OYjckOIE/SEn248vNnXI/ AAAAAAAAANw/XDdIW2avAR4/s1600- h/Ellis+Island.jpg]